<一>开机自启动
当Android启动时,会发出一个系统广播,内容为ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED,它的字符串常量表示为android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED。只要在程序中“捕捉”到这个消息,再启动之即可。我们要做的是做好接收这个消息的准备,而实现的手段就是实现一个BroadcastReceiver。
1.首先定义一个BroadcastReceiver,覆写其onReceive()方法,在里面判断intent是否是开机启动广播,如果是的话就进行相应的处理;
public class BootBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {static final String BOOT_ACTION = "android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED";@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {if (intent.getAction().equals(BOOT_ACTION)) {// doSomething(startService or startAcvitity or downLoadFile ...) }} }
2.在Manifest文件中进行配置,intent-filter表示该Receiver接收的广播消息为:android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED;
<receiver android:name="com.xxx.BootBroadcastReceiver" ><intent-filter><action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />intent-filter>receiver>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<二>添加删除桌面快捷方式
有时候希望自动将程序快捷方式添加到桌面,最近在一个项目中,就遇到这样的需求,现将自己在做法进行总结及延伸。
1.添加:查看Launcher源码,查看是如何添加桌面快捷方式的,发现Launcher通过自己注册的InstallShortCutReceiver和UnInstallShortCutReceiver实现快捷方式图标的生成与移除过程;
<receiverandroid:name="com.android.launcher2.InstallShortcutReceiver"android:permission="com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT" ><intent-filter><action android:name="com.android.launcher.action.INSTALL_SHORTCUT" />intent-filter>receiver>
于是乎就可以发送一个广播给Launcher,Launcher接收到此广播之后就可以将快捷方式添加到桌面,并且需要添加权限
public void addShortcut() {// 创建快捷方式的IntentIntent shortcutIntent = new Intent("com.android.launcher.action.INSTALL_SHORTCUT");// 不允许重复创建shortcutIntent.putExtra("duplicate", false);// 快捷方式的名称 shortcutIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_NAME,getString(R.string.app_name));// 快捷图片,一个Parcelable对象Parcelable icon = Intent.ShortcutIconResource.fromContext(getApplicationContext(), R.drawable.ic_launcher);shortcutIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_ICON_RESOURCE, icon);Intent intent = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), MainActivity.class);intent.setAction("android.intent.action.MAIN");intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.LAUNCHER");// 点击快捷图片,运行的程序主入口 shortcutIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_INTENT, intent);sendBroadcast(shortcutIntent);}
添加权限:
<uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT" />
2.删除:删除快捷方式用得不多,上面的方式添加到桌面的快捷方式,在程序卸载的时候也会自动从桌面删除;
public static void delShortcut(Context context) {Intent shortcut = new Intent("com.android.launcher.action.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT");// 获取当前应用名称的另一种方式String title = null;try {final PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager();title = pm.getApplicationLabel(pm.getApplicationInfo(context.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_META_DATA)).toString();} catch (Exception e) {}// 快捷方式名称 shortcut.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_NAME, title);Intent intent = context.getPackageManager().getLaunchIntentForPackage(context.getPackageName());shortcut.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_INTENT, intent);context.sendBroadcast(shortcut);}
<uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT" />
3.判断桌面快捷方式是否已经存在
public static boolean hasShortcut(Context cx) {boolean result = false;// 获取当前应用名称String title = null;try {final PackageManager pm = cx.getPackageManager();title = pm.getApplicationLabel(pm.getApplicationInfo(cx.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_META_DATA)).toString();} catch (Exception e) {}final String uriStr;if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 8) {uriStr = "content://com.android.launcher.settings/favorites?notify=true";} else {uriStr = "content://com.android.launcher2.settings/favorites?notify=true";}final Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse(uriStr);final Cursor c = cx.getContentResolver().query(CONTENT_URI, null, "title=?", new String[] { title }, null);if (c != null && c.getCount() > 0) {result = true;}return result;}
<uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS" />
几个相关的Action
// 系统启动完成static final String BOOT_COMPLETED_ACTION = "android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED";// 设备上新安装了一个应用程序包static final String PACKAGE_ADDED_ACTION = "android.intent.action.PACKAGE_ADDED";// 设备上删除了一个应用程序包static final String PACKAGE_REMOVED_ACTION = "android.intent.action.PACKAGE_REMOVED";// 删除应用程序快捷方式,需要如下权限// com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUTstatic final String UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT_ACTION = "com.android.launcher.action.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT";// 添加快捷方式,需要如下权限// com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUTstatic final String INSTALL_SHORTCUT_ACTION = "com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT";
4.监听app安装/卸载过程,需要用到上面的PACKAGE_ADDED和PACKAGE_REMOVED两个Action,可以对获取到的应用程序包名进行相应的判断处理;
@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {if (intent.getAction().equals(PACKAGE_ADDED_ACTION)) {// doSomething ...获取应用程序包名String packageName = intent.getDataString();}}
添加如下配置,对Receiver进行配置
<receiver android:name="com.example.async.BootBroadcastReceiver" ><intent-filter><action android:name="android.intent.action.PACKAGE_ADDED" /> <data android:scheme="package" /> intent-filter> receiver>